Parent Class:

EC-Numbers → 3 -- Hydrolases → 3.1 -- Acting on ester bonds → 3.1.1 -- Carboxylic ester hydrolases

Synonyms: acyl homoserine degrading enzyme, acyl-homoserine lactone acylase, AHL lactonase, AHL-degrading enzyme, AHL-inactivating enzyme, AHLase, AhlD, AhlK, AiiA, AiiA lactonase, AiiA-like protein, AiiB, AiiC, AttM, delactonase, lactonase-like enzyme, N-acyl homoserine lactonase, N-acyl homoserine lactone hydrolase, N-acyl-homoserine lactone lactonase, N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone hydrolase, quorum-quenching lactonase, quorum-quenching N-acyl homoserine lactone hydrolase

Systematic Name: N-acyl-L-homoserine-lactone lactonohydrolase

Unification Links: BRENDA:3.1.1.81, ENZYME:3.1.1.81, IUBMB-ExplorEnz:3.1.1.81

Reaction:
an N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone + H₂O → an N-acyl-L-homoserine + H⁺

Unofficial Reactions:
VAI-1-2 + H₂O → N-(octanoyl)-L-homoserine + H⁺,
PAI-1 + H₂O → N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine + H⁺,
AAI-1 + H₂O → N-(3-oxooctanoyl)-L-homoserine + H⁺,
HAI-1 + H₂O → N-(3-hydroxybutanoyl)-L-homoserine + H⁺,
VAI-1 + H₂O → N-(3-oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine + H⁺,
PAI-1-2 + H₂O → N-(butyryl)-L-homoserine + H⁺

Enzymes and Genes:
N-acyl homoserine lactone lactonase: aiiA ( Bacillus sp. 240B1 )

Summary:
Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) are produced by a number of bacterial species and are used by them to regulate the expression of virulence genes in a process known as quorum-sensing. Each bacterial cell has a basal level of AHL and, once the population density reaches a critical level, it triggers AHL-signaling which, in turn, initiates the expression of particular virulence genes [Dong01]. Plants or animals capable of degrading AHLs would have a therapeutic advantage in avoiding bacterial infection as they could prevent AHL signaling and the expression of virulence genes in quorum-sensing bacteria [Dong01]. N-(3-oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone, N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L homoserine lactone, N-butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone and N-(3-oxooctanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone can act as substrates [Dong01].

Citations: [Dong00, Dong02, Lee02, Park03, Wang04, Ulrich04, Thomas05, Kim05a, Liu05, Yang05]

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References

Dong00: Dong YH, Xu JL, Li XZ, Zhang LH (2000). "AiiA, an enzyme that inactivates the acylhomoserine lactone quorum-sensing signal and attenuates the virulence of Erwinia carotovora." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97(7);3526-31. PMID: 10716724

Dong01: Dong YH, Wang LH, Xu JL, Zhang HB, Zhang XF, Zhang LH (2001). "Quenching quorum-sensing-dependent bacterial infection by an N-acyl homoserine lactonase." Nature 411(6839);813-7. PMID: 11459062

Dong02: Dong YH, Gusti AR, Zhang Q, Xu JL, Zhang LH (2002). "Identification of quorum-quenching N-acyl homoserine lactonases from Bacillus species." Appl Environ Microbiol 68(4);1754-9. PMID: 11916693

Kim05a: Kim MH, Choi WC, Kang HO, Lee JS, Kang BS, Kim KJ, Derewenda ZS, Oh TK, Lee CH, Lee JK (2005). "The molecular structure and catalytic mechanism of a quorum-quenching N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone hydrolase." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102(49);17606-11. PMID: 16314577

Lee02: Lee SJ, Park SY, Lee JJ, Yum DY, Koo BT, Lee JK (2002). "Genes encoding the N-acyl homoserine lactone-degrading enzyme are widespread in many subspecies of Bacillus thuringiensis." Appl Environ Microbiol 68(8);3919-24. PMID: 12147491

Liu05: Liu D, Lepore BW, Petsko GA, Thomas PW, Stone EM, Fast W, Ringe D (2005). "Three-dimensional structure of the quorum-quenching N-acyl homoserine lactone hydrolase from Bacillus thuringiensis." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102(33);11882-7. PMID: 16087890

Park03: Park SY, Lee SJ, Oh TK, Oh JW, Koo BT, Yum DY, Lee JK (2003). "AhlD, an N-acylhomoserine lactonase in Arthrobacter sp., and predicted homologues in other bacteria." Microbiology 149(Pt 6);1541-50. PMID: 12777494

Thomas05: Thomas PW, Stone EM, Costello AL, Tierney DL, Fast W (2005). "The quorum-quenching lactonase from Bacillus thuringiensis is a metalloprotein." Biochemistry 44(20);7559-69. PMID: 15895999

Ulrich04: Ulrich RL (2004). "Quorum quenching: enzymatic disruption of N-acylhomoserine lactone-mediated bacterial communication in Burkholderia thailandensis." Appl Environ Microbiol 70(10);6173-80. PMID: 15466564

Wang04: Wang LH, Weng LX, Dong YH, Zhang LH (2004). "Specificity and enzyme kinetics of the quorum-quenching N-Acyl homoserine lactone lactonase (AHL-lactonase)." J Biol Chem 279(14);13645-51. PMID: 14734559

Yang05: Yang F, Wang LH, Wang J, Dong YH, Hu JY, Zhang LH (2005). "Quorum quenching enzyme activity is widely conserved in the sera of mammalian species." FEBS Lett 579(17);3713-7. PMID: 15963993

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Please cite the following article in publications resulting from the use of MetaCyc: Caspi et al, Nucleic Acids Research 46(D1):D633-D639 2018
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